Means for diagnosis and treatment of uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts

Uterine fibroids and ovarian cyst are a common problem in women of reproductive age.
This condition requires timely diagnosis and treatment. The reasons for the development of uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts, diagnostic and treatment methods are discussed by the gynecologist

What is the disease of uterine myoma and fibroma?

Uterine myoma is the most common, hormone-dependent, benign tumor in gynecology. This disease has several names – fibroma, leiomyoma, fibromyoma.

Myoma nodes rarely develop into one, and it is usually several, and has a different consistency. When muscle tissue predominates in the nodule, it is soft and is called leiomyoma, while when connective tissue is excess, the nodule is dense and referred to as fibroids.

Nodes vary in size, shape and location:

• Submucosal
• Subserosal
• Intramural
• Cervical myoma

– What can cause the development of uterine fibroids and fibroids?

– The uterus is a muscular organ. Under the influence of a number of factors, muscle cells begin to multiply incorrectly. Myoma nodules or diffuse myomatosis are formed. As already mentioned, it is a multifactorial disease. These factors are:

• Hormonal imbalance – an excess of estrogen
• Genetics
• Obesity
• nutrition
• Ethnic origin
• arterial hypertension

– At what age does this disease develop?

– Uterine myoma is clinically manifested above 35 years. From this age women pay special attention to health.

– What are the clinical signs?

– Uterine fibroids are clinically asymptomatic in 50-60% of patients.

Symptomatic myoma is characterized by:

• Abnormal bleeding
• Pain in the abdomen or pelvis
• Acute or chronic posthemorrhagic anemia
• Disruption of the function of neighboring organs
• Rapid growth of the node

Complaints are also relevant according to the location of the myomatous nodes. Submucosal myoma often causes prolonged menstruation, bleeding.

– What is the diagnosis?

– When visiting a gynecologist, the primary diagnosis is made based on complaints, bimanual examination data. Transvaginal, abdominal ultrasound examination plays a leading role in diagnosis. Also performed: hysteroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, diagnostic laparoscopy.

– What complications can be caused by uterine fibroids or fibroids?

– Complications of this disease are:

• Acute or chronic posthemorrhagic anemia
• Due to the large size of the nodes, pressure on nearby organs
• A complication of a myoma is nodule necrosis that develops when large myoma nodes or the node is twisted at the foot.

– How possible is pregnancy and childbirth with uterine fibroids and fibroids?

– The localization and size of the myoma are of great importance for the development of future pregnancy. Myoma causes infertility, miscarriage and premature birth.

Submucosal nodes reduce the frequency of pregnancy. It is necessary to excise the node before pregnancy – hysteroscopic myomectomy.

Large myoma nodules can cause: deformity of the uterine cavity, fetal growth retardation. The growth of myoma nodes is mainly observed in the first trimester of pregnancy.

– What is the treatment and when is the need for surgery?

– In the presence of clinically asymptomatic small fibroids, it is a tempting tactic and dynamic observation is made on the patient. exists:

• Conservative treatment-hormonal therapy
• Surgical treatment: myomectomy, hysterectomy, embolization of uterine arteries, focused ultrasound surgery with magnetic resonance imaging

When choosing a treatment method, consider:

• The age of the patient
• Complaints
• The location of the nodes
• Increases character
• Menstrual cycle disorders and a number of other factors

Indications for surgical treatment are:

• Rapid tumor growth
• big size
• Submucosal form of fibroids
• Anemization
• Necrosis
• Cervical myoma

– What is the prevention?

– Visit to a gynecologist once a year for timely diagnosis.

– What is an ovarian cyst and what can cause its development?

– Ovarian cyst is a benign growth in a woman’s body that has a liquid or semi-liquid contents. Ovarian cysts arise as a result of a hormonal disorder and can also develop under conditions of a normal menstrual cycle. The cyst is mainly considered to be a pathology of reproductive age. Inflammatory changes in the ovary contribute to the formation of a cyst.

– What kind of cyst develops on the ovary?

– Functional cysts develop during ovulation disorders. Such cysts themselves are absorbed:

Abnormal cysts – These types of cysts are: benign (yellow body cyst, dermoid, endometrial, paraovarian cyst) and malignant.

– When can a cyst rupture develop?

– Ovarian apoplexy – hemorrhage in the ovary, accompanied by its rupture, sudden pain and bleeding in the abdominal cavity. The main reasons for this are:

• Abnormal changes in blood vessels against the background of inflammatory processes in the small pelvis
• Background of hormonal disorders
• Blood diseases that cause blood clotting disorders

Provokes outbursts:

• Abdominal trauma
• Physical strain

This is an emergency that requires timely diagnosis and proper treatment tactics.

– What is the treatment method for ovarian cyst?

When choosing an ovarian cyst treatment tactic, consider:

• The age of the patient
• Cyst size
• Species

A detailed examination of the patient is required. exists:

• Drug treatment with hormones

Surgical treatment is laparoscopy if:

1. the cyst has not been absorbed for several cycles
2. Increasing in size
3. Not subject to medical treatment
4. Cysts at the compositional level if they contain a tissue component

See also: Polycystic Ovaries- Reproductive Health